Social Priorities, Economic Policy, and the State  

Twenty-five years ago Lord Beveridge published his Full Employment in a Free Society, perhaps the most lucidly argued economic program of social democracy. In this work he assigned three basic functions to public finance. First, total public outlays must always be …



Lukacs and Solzhenitsyn  

Solzhenitsyn, by George Lukacs. Translated by William David Graf. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 88 pages. For most of his life Georg Lukacs, the intellectual heresiarch of Communism, was unable to write freely. During the years he spent under Stalin in Russia …



China and the United States  

Both President Nixon and Chairman Mao have confessed to failure. While neither has admitted to bankruptcy of past policies, both have executed 180-degree turns. Our line and their line have changed again. This turning point in the relations among world powers …



Chile: A Way to Socialism?  

Santiago, Chile, July 1971 The Chilean Revolution is irreversible and irrepressible. Whatever happens now the “two Chiles” of the past (the Chile of the rich, and that of the poor) are gone forever. Will the experience through which the country is …



Science Fiction and the Coming of the Antichrist  

The literary genre called science fiction has been developing for over a hundred years, and its vitality today is surprising. In a narrower sense, a science fiction story is usually a tale of adventure in a world of tomorrow, transformed by …



Sub-Language as Social Badge  

Innumerable sentences that are said are mainly social cement, keeping people together by engaging in the sociable action of speaking and listening, playing with the common code like any other game, and telling enough information to avoid the pain of a …



A Country Ripe for Change  

Clearly there is a mounting conviction among large numbers of Americans that major social and political changes are needed. The publication of the Pentagon Papers is certain to reinforce this conviction. A variety of polls testify people feel the country has …



War Crimes: Political & Legal Issues  

What does the law, and particularly international law, understand under the very general and sometimes loosely used heading of “war crimes”? Under the charter of the International Military Tribunal after World War II, three categories can be distinguished. • The …



Four Fragments on Politics  

Of Democracy When asked how in the real world I distinguish a democratic from a nondemocratic state, I answer with a single question: who is the leader of the opposition? For without a political opposition, and the commotion it produces, no …



The New Shape of Foreign Policy  

Let us assume that at some time during the seventies the United States will have withdrawn the last GI from Vietnam, that other GIs are preparing to leave Germany and Japan, that Taiwan is again Chinese, Okinawa Japanese, and most other …



The Pentagon Papers: On Imitating the Communists  

There’s no law that says that I, wishing to restrain another from tyranny and cruelty, should practice them myself . . . —From Calderón’s Life Is a Dream It is now being said everywhere that anti-Communism was in the main responsible …



A Letter From Singapore  

Within one month last spring, several events took place that may have shattered Singapore’s image as a democratic outpost in Asia. First, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew had four journalists on a Chinese-language newspaper jailed for printing a picture of Chairman …





Short Subjects  

Rock Festival As Rip-Off At the Louisiana Rock Festival this summer, everything went wrong. About 100,000 young people turned up, in search of music, companionship, fresh air, and other things. What they found was an ill-organized racket. Some of the promised …



The Misfortune of “Great Memories”  

Historical Remarks on the Paris Commune The misfortune of the French, even of the workers, is that they have great memories. It is necessary that events once and for all put an end to this reactionary cult of the past. …